Sand shortage / China funding halt / Mining approval risks
If a link below does not work, please copy and paste the link into your browser's address bar instead.
Sand shortage: Corruption and concrete dependence. "Besides supply/demand economics attached to the huge quantities of sand being used - Singapore is the world's largest importer - criminal gangs are stealing sand in countries ranging from Jamaica to Nigeria."
Construction Equipment: https://www.constructionequipment.com/sand-shortage-corruption-and-concrete-dependence
China stops funding of 3 CPEC road projects in Pakistan over corruption reports; Beijing to issue new guidelines. China has temporarily stopped funding at least three major road projects in Pakistan, being built as part of the $50 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, following reports of corruption.
Unearthing corruption risks in mining approvals. "From resource-rich West Africans nations, to the mining giants of the Pacific and North America, every time a government signs a deal to allow mining of its natural resources there are corruption risks – no matter where that country is."
Transparency International: https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/unearthing_corruption_risks_in_mining_approvals